Chloramphenicol
Molecular Formula:
C₁₁H₁₂Cl₂N₂O₅ (molecular weight: 323.13 g/mol)
CAS Number:
56-75-7
Appearance:
White or slightly yellow crystalline powder
Melting Point:
148–150°C (lit.)
Density:
1.6 ± 0.1 g/cm³
Solubility:
Soluble in methanol, ethanol, and acetone; slightly soluble in water
Synonyms:
Levomycetin, Chloromycetin
描述
Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae).
Used for treating typhoid fever, meningitis, and severe bacterial infections.
Veterinary Applications:
Controls infections in livestock and poultry due to its efficacy against bacterial pathogens.
Research & Limited Clinical Use:
Studied in cancer research and as a peptide synthesis inhibitor.
Restricted in human medicine due to risks of bone marrow suppression (e.g., aplastic anemia) and gray baby syndrome.
评价
目前还没有评价