Fluconazole

描述

Fluconazole, a key active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), is a synthetic triazole antifungal agent with the molecular formula C₁₃H₁₂F₂N₆O and a molecular weight of 306.27 g/mol. Recognized by its CAS number 86386-73-4, it appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder, exhibiting high solubility in both water and organic solvents, which facilitates its formulation into oral, intravenous, and topical preparations. Structurally, Fluconazole features a fluorinated bis-triazole ring, enabling it to inhibit fungal cytochrome P450-dependent lanosterol 14α-demethylase and disrupt ergosterol synthesis—a critical mechanism for its broad-spectrum activity against Candida species (excluding Candida krusei and Candida glabrata), Cryptococcus neoformans, and dermatophytes. Its stability under standard storage conditions (20–25°C) and low hygroscopicity simplify handling, making it a cornerstone in antifungal therapy for systemic and superficial infections.